Farmakológia

Ošetrovateľské techniky a zručnosti

Pharmacology of antiinfectives

1. Benzathin-penicillin G:

a) after intravenous administration reaches high plasmatic concentrations

b) therapeutic levels last for 2 days after one dose

c) is the most suitable for therapy of acute infections

d) is administered intramuscularly with subsequent slow absorption

2. Inhibitors of beta-lactamase include:

a) clavulanic acid, tazobactam, sulbactam
b) sulbactam, aztreonam, imipenem
c) tazobactam, piperacillin
d) stafcillin, nafcillin, cloxacillin

3. Alcohol intolerance occurring by simultaneous administration of antibiotics and alcohol:

a) is called „disulphiram“ effect caused by suppression of acetaldehyd-dehydrogenase
b) occurs after administration of V-penicillin
c) never occurs after administration of metronidazol
d) is based on alcohol interaction with antibiotic at the level of absorption

4. Which of the following aminoglycoside antibiotics and how can be used for systemic infections?

a) neomycin, i.p..
b) amikacin, s.c.
c) gentamicin, i.v.
d) tobramycin, p.o.

5. The toxicity of aminoglycosides is:

a) Ototoxicity, nefrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity
b) Ototoxicity, nefrotoxicity, neurotoxicity
c) Very often hypersensitivity
d) increased neuromuscular blockade by non-depolarizing antagonists only in lower doses

6. As typical adverse effects of chloramphenicol is considered:

a) bone marrow suppression - aplastic anemia
b) dose dependent suppression of only white blood cells production
c) nefrotoxicity
d) superinfection in gastrointestinal and respiratory system

7. Macrolids are used for treatment of:

a) severe respiratory infections
b) mycoplasmic and chlamydial pneumonia
c) community acquired pneumonia – only intravenously
d) infection with Helicobacter pylori in monotherapy

8. Erythromycin drug interactions:

a) erythromycin inhibits cytochrome P450
b) erythromycin stimulates cytochrome P450
c) erythromycin suppresses absorption of calcium from GIT
d) erythromycin decreases cardiovascular toxicity of theophylline

9. Pefloxacine and ofloxacine are used for the treatment of:

a) urinary infections
b) gastrointestinal infections
c) sexually-transmitted infections
d) contacts with meningococcal meningitis

10. Moxifloxacin:

a) Inhibits synthesis of cellular wall
b) inhibits DNA gyrase
c) has bacteriostatic effect
d) is often prescribed in pediatric practice

11. Which of the following drugs belongs to the 1st line antituberculotics:

a) capreomycin

b) etionamide

c) amikacin

d) ethambutol

12. Which of the following antifungal drugs belongs to systemic azol antimycotics?

a) flucytosine
b) nystatine
c) itraconasol
d) cotrimasol

13. Which of the following antimalarics is used for treatment of exo-erythrocytic forms of malaria?

a) Primaquine
b) Chloroquine
c) Quinine
d) doxycycline

14. Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for resistance of MRSA to anti-staphylococcal penicillins?

a) Degradation of antibiotic by beta-latamase
b) Efflux of antibiotic from bacteria due to increased expression of transporter (efflux pumps)
c) Change of the target structure for antibiotic (penicillin-binding protein)
d) Prevention of antibiotic penetration into bacteria

15. Which of the following mechanisms is typical for zidovudine?

a) nucleoside inhibition of reverse transcriptase
b) inhibition of viral DNA polymerase
c) inhibition of neuraminidase
d) inhibition of protease

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